热带病与寄生虫学

热带病与寄生虫学 ›› 2019, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (1): 5-9.doi: 10. 3969/ j. issn. 1672-2302. 2019. 01. 002

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

2005~2018年安徽省结核病流行特征分析

  

  1. 230032合肥市，安徽省结核病防治研究所
  • 出版日期:2019-03-20 发布日期:2019-09-05
  • 基金资助:

    中国全球基金结核病项目（CHN-S10-G14-T）

Analysis on the epidemic trend of tuberculosis in Anhui province from 2005 to 2018

  • Online:2019-03-20 Published:2019-09-05

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摘要： 目的了解安徽省结核病的流行病学特点及发展趋势,为今后结核病控制策略的制定提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法,对安徽省2005~2018 年传染病报告管理信息系统报告的肺结核患者资料进行分析。结果2005~2018 年安徽省结核病病例报告发病率由97. 9/ 10 万下降到49. 9/ 10 万(χ2 =21 820. 27,P<0. 05),65 岁以上组报告发病率最高,男性报告发病率明显高于女性(χ2 = 8 612. 78,P <0. 05),农民报告发病数占总发病人数的73. 2%。每年的3、4 月份为报告发病高峰,报告发病率地区分布不均,安庆市、池州市和铜陵市的平均年报告发病率最高,均超过80/ 10 万;宿州市平均年报告发病率最低,为55. 83/ 10 万。各市之间的平均年报告发病率差异有统计学意义(χ2 =11 111. 94,P<0. 05)。人均GDP 和农村人均医疗保健支出对报告发病率均有影响。结论患者报告发病率呈逐年下降趋势,男性、65 岁以上老年人、农民、贫困人口是结核病控制的重点人群,春季是结核病高发季节,皖南山区是高报告发病率地区,应加强重点人群和重点地区的结核病防治管理措施。

关键词: 结核病, 肺结核, 流行病学, 横断面研究

Abstract:

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and development trend of tuberculosis in Anhui province for evidence to plan scientific strategies in following prevention and control of this disease. Methods Descriptive epidemiology was used to analyze the data of tuberculosis from cases reported in the management information system of infectious diseases in Anhui province from 2005 to 2018. Results The reported incidence of tuberculosis cases in Anhui province was significantly decreased from 97. 9 to 49. 9 per 100 000 population between 2005 and 2018 (χ2 = 21 820. 27, P<0. 05). Highest incidence was reported in patients over 65 years.The incidence was higher in males than in females (χ2 =8 612. 78, P<0. 05), and 73. 2% in farmers out of the total case number. Annual prevalence of tuberculosis was peaked in March and April, and unevenly distributed in the 16 administrative areas, with the highest in cities of Anqing, Chizhou and Tongling, where 80 cases were reported in per 100 000 population. Average annual incidence was the lowest in Suzhou area(58. 83 cases per 100 000 population). The difference was significant in the average annual reported incidences among cities (χ2 = 11 111. 94,P<0. 05), and the reported incidence was affected by per capita GDP and health care expenditure by per person in rural population. Conclusion The reported incidence of tuberculosis tends to decrease year by year in Anhui province,and is higher in population over 65 years. Prevention and control of the disease should focus on farmers and
poverty-stricken population. The highest incidence of tuberculosis appears in Spring season, and in mountain areas in southern Anhui, suggesting that this population and areas should be strengthened in following monitoring task.

Key words: Pulmonary tuberculosis, Epidemiology, Cross-sectional studies